Fuel type mapping using object-based image analysis of DMC and Landsat-8 OLI imagery     

A. Stefanidou  E. Dragozi  D. Stavrakoudis  I. Z. Gitas 《国际地球制图》2018,33(10):1064-1083

Efficient forest fire management requires precise and up-to-date knowledge regarding the composition and spatial distribution of forest fuels at various spatial and temporal scales. Fuel-type maps are essential for effective fire prevention strategies planning, as well as the alleviation of the environmental impacts of potential wildfire events. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the potential of Disaster Monitoring Constellation and Landsat-8 OLI satellite images (Operational Land Imager), combined with Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA), in operational mapping of the Mediterranean fuel types at a regional scale. The results showcase that although the images of both sensors can be used with GEOBIA analysis for the generation of accurate fuel-type maps, only the OLI images can be considered as applicable for regional mapping of the Mediterranean fuel types on an operational basis.  相似文献   

Quantifying land use/land cover spatio-temporal landscape pattern dynamics from Hyperion using SVMs classifier and FRAGSTATS®     

Salim Lamine  Sudhir Kumar Singh  Szilárd Szabó  Nour El Islam Bachari  Prashant K. Srivastava 《国际地球制图》2018,33(8):862-878

This study aims to quantify the landscape spatio-temporal dynamics including Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) changes occurred in a typical Mediterranean ecosystem of high ecological and cultural significance in central Greece covering a period of 9 years (2001–2009). Herein, we examined the synergistic operation among Hyperion hyperspectral satellite imagery with Support Vector Machines, the FRAGSTATS^® landscape spatial analysis programme and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for this purpose. The change analysis showed that notable changes reported in the experimental region during the studied period, particularly for certain LULC classes. The analysis of accuracy indices suggested that all the three classification techniques are performing satisfactorily with overall accuracy of 86.62, 91.67 and 89.26% in years 2001, 2004 and 2009, respectively. Results evidenced the requirement for taking measures to conserve this forest-dominated natural ecosystem from human-induced pressures and/or natural hazards occurred in the area. To our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind, demonstrating the Hyperion capability in quantifying LULC changes with landscape metrics using FRAGSTATS^® programme and PCA for understanding the land surface fragmentation characteristics and their changes. The suggested approach is robust and flexible enough to be expanded further to other regions. Findings of this research can be of special importance in the context of the launch of spaceborne hyperspectral sensors that are already planned to be placed in orbit as the NASA’s HyspIRI sensor and EnMAP.  相似文献   

Remote sensing for wetland classification: a comprehensive review     

Sahel Mahdavi  Bahram Salehi  Jean Granger  Meisam Amani  Brian Brisco  Weimin Huang 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2018,55(5):623-658

  相似文献   

Region of interest extraction via common salient feature analysis and feedback reinforcement strategy for remote sensing images     

Libao Zhang  Qiaoyue Sun  Jue Zhang 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2018,55(5):745-762

Saliency detection is an effective approach to extract regions of interest (ROIs) for remote sensing images. However, existing saliency detection models mainly focus on ROI extraction from a single image and usually are not able to produce satisfactory results because of complex background interference in remote sensing images. The employment of mutual information in a set of remote sensing images can provide an effective solution to this issue. In this paper, we propose a novel saliency detection model for multiple remote sensing images to simultaneously extract ROIs and identify images without ROIs. First, common salient feature analysis based on synthesized feature clustering and global contrast is implemented to exploit global correspondence in the synthesis feature domain, thereby highlighting preliminary ROIs against background interference and assigning lower saliency values to images without ROIs. Then, we design an exclusion criterion based on saliency value judgment to remove images without ROIs, and the remaining saliency maps are refined by an enhancement strategy. Finally, the enhanced maps serve as a feedback to yield a homogenous synthesized feature space in which integral ROIs with subtle borders are extracted by the reused cluster-based saliency calculation. Experiments reveal that our model outperforms seven state-of-the-art models by achieving the best ROC curve (AUC = 0.945) and maximal F-measure at 0.729.  相似文献   

Examining human heat stress with remote sensing technology     

Yang Song 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2018,55(1):19-37

Heat stress as an environmental hazard which can seriously affect productivity, health, or even survival of individuals has long been studied. Despite the endeavors that have been made to address the issue quantitatively with various heat stress indices, they are often measured at scatter sites. This research devotes to revealing human heat stress within continuous space with remote sensing technology. The study began with the retrieval of dry-bulb temperature from land surface temperature (LST) with empirical models. As wet-bulb temperature was calculated from dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity, discomfort index (DI) as an indicator of heat stress was revealed for the study area at 1 km spatial resolution for three summer days. Results indicated that DI can be derived within continuous space with remotely sensed data, and its spatial distribution can be dramatically affected by relative humidity. Further comparison between DI and LST indicated that LST as a widely utilized indicator of surface thermal condition fails to address human heat stress as environmental factors such as relative humidity are not taken into account.  相似文献   

大型射电望远镜主反射面调整方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

孙正雄  王锦清  虞林峰  张志斌  王广利 《天文学报》2024,65(2):15

随着毫米波天文学和空间通信的重要性日益提高, 对天线性能提出了越来越高的要求, 而天线性能往往受到其反射器表面精度的限制. 微波全息技术是一种快速有效的检测反射面天线表面轮廓的测量技术. 通过微波全息测量得到天线口径场, 计算天马65m射电望远镜反射面与理想抛物面的偏差. 天马65m射电望远镜的主反射面板是放射状的, 有14圈. 面板的每个角都固定在面板下方促动器的螺栓上进行上下移动, 且相邻面板交点处的拐角共用一个促动器. 采用平面拟合的方法可以计算各块面板拐角处的调整值, 但是同一个促动器会得到4个不同的调整量. 通过平面拟合, 同时以天线照明函数为权重的平差计算方法得到相邻面板拐角的一个平差值, 即天马65m射电望远镜1104个促动器的最佳调整值. 通过多次调整和新算法的应用, 天马65m射电望远镜反射面的面形精度逐渐提高到了0.24mm.  相似文献   

基于卫星遥感的洞庭湖水体面积变化及与水文的相关性          下载免费PDF全文

黄菊梅  韩沁哲  姚晟  蒋帅  黄海波 《中低纬山地气象》2022,46(1):27-31

该文利用2006-2020年洞庭湖水体遥感面积及水文资料,对洞庭湖水体面积变化特征及其与水文的相关性进行了探讨。结果表明洞庭湖水体面积离散程度较高且变幅大。岳阳市、益阳市、常德市水体面积分别占洞庭湖水体面积的68.62%、25.77%、5.61%。其中位于岳阳市的岳阳县、湘阴县、位于益阳市的沅江市水体面积分别占洞庭湖水体面积的34.89%、17.35%、23.52%。占比越大的县市水体面积与洞庭湖水体面积相关性越大。洞庭湖水体面积与城陵矶水位的相关性高于常德、益阳水位。2010-2020年洞庭湖水体年最大面积显著增大。洞庭湖水体面积与城陵矶水位4阶多项式曲线拟合相关性最优。此外,不同的卫星/仪器、算法、分辨率以及天气条件对洞庭湖水体面积会产生一定的影响,洞庭湖区强降水对洞庭湖水体面积影响较大。  相似文献   

Characterization of Regional Combustion Efficiency using ΔXCO: ΔXCO₂ Observed by a Portable Fourier-Transform Spectrometer at an Urban Site in Beijing     

Ke CHE  Yi LIU  Zhaonan CAI  Dongxu YANG  Haibo WANG  Denghui JI  Yang YANG  Pucai WANG 《大气科学进展》2022,39(8):1299-1315

Measurements of column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, CO₂ (XCO₂) and CO (XCO), were performed throughout 2019 at an urban site in Beijing using a compact Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) EM27/SUN. This data set is used to assess the characteristics of combustion-related CO₂ emissions of urban Beijing by analyzing the correlated daily anomalies of XCO and XCO₂ (e.g., ΔXCO and ΔXCO₂). The EM27/SUN measurements were calibrated to a 125HR-FTS at the Xianghe station by an extra EM27/SUN instrument transferred between two sites. The ratio of ΔXCO over ΔXCO₂ (ΔXCO:ΔXCO₂) is used to estimate the combustion efficiency in the Beijing region. A high correlation coefficient (0.86) between ΔXCO and ΔXCO₂ is observed. The CO:CO₂ emission ratio estimated from inventories is higher than the observed ΔXCO:ΔXCO₂ (10.46 ± 0.11 ppb ppm^?1) by 42.54%–101.15%, indicating an underestimation in combustion efficiency in the inventories. Daily ΔXCO:ΔXCO₂ are influenced by transportation governed by weather conditions, except for days in summer when the correlation is low due to the terrestrial biotic activity. By convolving the column footprint [ppm (μmol m^–2 s^–1)^–1] generated by the Weather Research and Forecasting-X-Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport models (WRF-X-STILT) with two fossil-fuel emission inventories (the Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC) and the Peking University (PKU) inventory), the observed enhancements of CO₂ and CO were used to evaluate the regional emissions. The CO₂ emissions appear to be underestimated by 11% and 49% for the MEIC and PKU inventories, respectively, while CO emissions were overestimated by MEIC (30%) and PKU (35%) in the Beijing area.  相似文献   

Spatiotemporal Variations of Microwave Land Surface Emissivity (MLSE) over China Derived from Four-Year Recalibrated Fengyun 3B MWRI Data     

Rui LI  Jiheng HU  Shengli WU  Peng ZHANG  Husi LETU  Yu WANG  Xuewen WANG  Yuyun FU  Renjun ZHOU  Ling SUN 《大气科学进展》2022,39(9):1536-1560

Microwave Land Surface Emissivity (MLSE) over China under both clear and cloudy sky conditions was retrieved using measurements of recalibrated microwave brightness temperatures (Tbs) from Fengyun-3B Microwave Radiation Imager (FY-3B MWRI), combined with cloud properties derived from Himawari-8 Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) observations. The contributions from cloud particles and atmospheric gases to the upwelling Tbs at the top of atmosphere were calculated and removed in radiative transfer. The MLSEs at horizontal polarizations at 10.65, 18.7, and 36.5 GHz during 7 July 2015 to 30 June 2019 over China showed high values in the southeast vegetated area and low values in the northwest barren, or sparsely vegetated, area. The maximum values were found in the belt area of the Qinling-Taihang Mountains and the eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is highly consistent with MLSEs derived from AMSR-E. It demonstrates that the measurements of FY-3B MWRI Tbs, including its calibration and validation, are reliable, and the retrieval algorithm developed in this study works well. Seasonal variations of MLSE in China are mainly driven by the combined effects of vegetation, rainfall, and snow cover. In tropical and southern forest regions, the seasonal variation of MLSE is small due to the enhancement from vegetation and the suppression from rainfall. In the boreal area, snow causes a significant decrease of MLSE at 36.5 GHz in winter. Meanwhile, the MLSE at lower frequencies experiences less suppression. In the desert region in Xinjiang, increases of MLSEs at all frequencies are observed with increasing snow cover.  相似文献   

近40年来中国湖泊叶绿素a浓度的时空分异特征分析     

武昭鑫  孔祥生  徐兆鹏  曾健  刘鑫 《海洋与湖沼》2024,55(2):347-362

随着经济社会快速发展, 中国湖泊表现出不同程度的富营养化, 湖泊生态正面临着严峻挑战。叶绿素a是评价水体营养状态的重要指标, 可以反映湖泊中浮游植物生物量情况。基于Landsat系列数据集, 对1986~2022年间中国范围内面积在10 km²以上湖泊叶绿素a浓度分布状况进行研究, 并对各区域叶绿素a浓度演变趋势进行分析, 结果表明: (1) 中国湖泊叶绿素a浓度存在地域性空间分布差异。叶绿素a浓度分布整体呈现东南高, 西北低的态势, 大约69%的湖泊处于轻富营养化程度, 中富营养化状态约占17%。以35°N和100°E为分界线, 各区域叶绿素a浓度随经纬度呈现出一定的变化规律。(2) 近40年间中国湖泊叶绿素a浓度年均值处于缓慢波动上升趋势, 时间序列呈现先降低后升高, 再降低的变化状态。所有湖泊叶绿素a浓度显著上升的数量占比约为30%, 显著下降的占比约为24.8%, 变化不显著的约占45.2%。整体变化较为稳定, 变异系数处于中等波动水平以下, 波动较大的区域位于青藏高原, 东北地区和长江中下游的部分地区。(3) 各流域内湖泊叶绿素a浓度时空分异特征表现为: 空间分布上, 内陆流域和西南流域普遍较低, 珠江流域和东南流域较高。时间变化上, 除了西南流域和内陆流域的湖泊叶绿素a浓度呈现下降趋势外, 其他流域均为上升趋势。中国湖泊叶绿素a浓度呈现出明显的地域性差异和时间变化趋势, 这主要归因于地区气候、水文条件、土地利用以及人类活动变化等因素。受温暖湿润气候和较强人类活动的影响, 东南部地区的湖泊叶绿素a浓度相对较高。西北部地区气温偏低, 降水较少, 湖泊叶绿素a浓度普遍较低。近40年的时间尺度上, 受城市化、工业化快速发展和全球气候变化的共同影响, 中国整体湖泊叶绿素a浓度呈缓慢上升趋势。  相似文献